New studies
Pak
J Biol Sci. 2007 Dec 15;10(24):4519-22.
Effects of
extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on testes in guinea
pig.
Farkhad SA, Zare S, Hayatgeibi H, Qadiri A.
Department
of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Iran.
This
study is carried out to measure the changes in testosterone hormone
level and changes in testes tissue on 36 adult male Guinea pigs that
divided to 6 groups. Group A as control group exposed to nil
Electromagnetic Field (EMF) for two hours per day for 5 days
duration, group B exposed to 0.013 microT in 5 Hz to the Same
duration period, group C exposed to 0.207 microT in 50 Hz in similar
conditions, group D exposed for 4 h day(-1) for 5 days in 0.013
microT, group E tested in 0.207 microT as group D, group F used as
controlled group exposed for four hours per day in nil
electromagnetic field. Guinea pig blood was tested after 5 days. Then
data analyzed by t-test. The
results indicated a significantly difference between control group
and tested group of four and two hours, testosterone level decreased
(p < 0.001), also testes tissues were sampled and observed main
tissue changes in some
treatments.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19093523?dopt=AbstractPlus
Pak J Biol Sci. 2007 Dec 1;10(23):4271-4.
Effects
of electromagnetic field produced by mobile phones on the oxidant and
antioxidant status of rats.
Elhag MA, Nabil GM, Attia AM.
Department
of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt.
This
study was designed to investigate the effect of EMR produced by GSM
Mobile Phones (MP) on the oxidant and antioxidant status in rats.
Rats were divided into three groups: (1) controls, (2) rats exposed
to a fractionated dose of EMR (15 min day(-1) for four days) (EMR-F)
and (3) rats exposed to an acute dose of EMR (EMR-A). A net drop in
the plasma concentration of vitamin C (-47 and -59.8%) was observed
in EMR-F and EMR-A groups, respectively, when compared to controls.
While, a significant decrease in the levels of lypophilic antioxidant
vitamins: vitamin E (-33 and -65.8%), vitamin A (-44.4 and -46.8%)
was observed in EMR-F and EMR-A groups, respectively, when compared
to controls. A net drop in plasma level of reduced glutathione (GSH)
(-19.8 and -35.3%) was observed in EMR-F and EMR-A groups,
respectively. EMR exposure of rats produced a significant decrease in
catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, with the
values of these activities for EMR-A group is significantly lower
than those of EMR-F. These results indicate that the effects of acute
doses of EMR produced by mobile phones on the rat's antioxidant
status is significantly higher than those of fractionated doses of
the same type of radiation. On the basis of present results, it can
be concluded that exposure to acute doses of EMR produced by mobile
phones is more hazardous than that produced by fractionated doses of
the same type of
radiation.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19086584?dopt=AbstractPlus
Int
J Androl. 2008 Dec 2. [Epub ahead of print]
Effects
of exposure to a mobile phone on testicular function and structure in
adult rabbit.
Salama
N, Kishimoto T, Kanayama HO.
Department
of Urology, Tokushima School of Medicine, Tokushima, Japan.
Summary
The accumulating effects of exposure to electromagnetic radiation
emitted by a conventional mobile phone (standby position) on the
testicular function and structure are not yet fully investigated. To
study these effects longitudinally, a total of 24 adult male rabbits
were randomly and equally divided into three groups. Rabbits in the
first (phone) group were exposed, in specially designed cages, to
radio frequency emitted from the mobile phone (800 MHz) in a standby
position opposite to that of testes for 8 h daily for 12 weeks. The
second group consisted of the stress controls which were kept in the
same kind of cages to appreciate any cage-induced anxiety. The third
group included the ordinary controls which were kept in the
conventional roomy cages. Semen analysis and sperm function tests
(viability, hypo-osmotic swelling and acridine orange) were conducted
weekly. Histological testicular sections and serum total testosterone
were also evaluated. A drop in the sperm concentration appeared in
the phone group at week 6. This became statistically significant at
week 8, compared with the two control (stress and ordinary) groups
(133, 339 and 356 x 106/mL, respectively) and to the initial sperm
count (341 x 106/mL) of this group. Motile sperm population showed
similarity amongst the three study groups until week 10 when it
declined significantly, and thereafter in the phone and stress
control groups, with more significant decline in the phone animals
(50, 61 and 72.4%, respectively). Histological examination showed
also a significant decrease in the diameter of seminiferous tubules
in the phone group vs. the stress and ordinary controls (191 mum vs.
206 and 226 mum, respectively). The other study points did not show
any difference. In
conclusion, low intensity pulsed radio frequency emitted by a
conventional mobile phone kept in the standby position could affect
the testicular function and structure in the adult rabbit.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19076254?ordinalpos=16&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DefaultReportPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum
Bioelectromagnetics.
2008 Dec 12. [Epub ahead of print]
900
MHz modulated electromagnetic fields accelerate the clathrin-mediated
endocytosis pathway.
Moisescu
MG, Leveque P, Verjus MA, Kovacs E, Mir LM.
CNRS,
UMR 8121-Vectorology and Gene Transfer, Institut Gustave Roussy,
Villejuif, France.
We
report new data regarding the molecular mechanisms of GSM-induced
increase of cell endocytosis rate. Even though endocytosis represents
an important physical and biological event for cell physiology,
studies on modulated electromagnetic fields (EMF) effects on this
process are scarce. In a previous article, we showed that fluid phase
endocytosis rate increases when cultured cells are exposed to 900 MHz
EMF similar to mobile phones' modulated GSM signals (217 Hz
repetition frequency, 576 micros pulse width) and to electric pulses
similar to the GSM electrical component. Trying to distinguish the
mechanisms sustaining this endocytosis stimulation, we exposed murine
melanoma cells to Lucifer Yellow (LY) or to GSM-EMF/electric pulses
in the presence of drugs inhibiting the clathrin- or the
caveolin-dependent endocytosis. Experiments were performed at a
specific absorption rate (SAR) of 3.2 W/kg in a wire patch cell under
homogeneously distributed EMF field and controlled temperature (in
the range of 28.5-29.5 degrees C). Thus, the observed increase in LY
uptake was not a thermal effect. Chlorpromazine and ethanol, but not
Filipin, inhibited this increase. Therefore, the clathrin-dependent
endocytosis is stimulated by the GSM-EMF, suggesting that the
cellular mechanism affected by the modulated EMF involves vesicles
that detach from the cell membrane, mainly clathrin-coated vesicles.
Bioelectromagnetics, 2009 (c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
From Beperk de Straling